| In October 1966, in the aftermath of the assassination | | | | freedom to determine the destiny of the Black |
| of black leader Malcolm X and on the verge of a | | | | community, (2) full employment for the Black people, |
| massive urban uprising of the Black community, Huey | | | | (3) descent housing for the Black people, (4) education |
| P. Newton, Bobby Seale and David Hilliard manifested | | | | for the Black people, (5) exemption from military |
| the creation of the Black Panther Party, at Oakland, | | | | service for the Black people, (6) putting an end to the |
| California. The Party was initially named Black Panther | | | | robbery of the Black Community by White capitalists, |
| Party for Self Defence and it used the image of a | | | | (7) putting an end to police brutality against the Black |
| black panther as a symbol of power. The term Self | | | | people, (8) freedom for all Black people held in prisons |
| Defence was used in order to differentiate the Party's | | | | and jails, (9) fair trials for Black people by judges from |
| philosophy from the dominant diplomatic theme of the | | | | the Black Community and (10) land, bread, clothing, |
| civil rights movement, but also to pay respect to the | | | | justice and peace for Black people. |
| civil rights group Deacons of Defence at Louisiana. | | | | In the early 1970s, Black Panther Party lost momentum |
| Over time, the name became the Black Panther Party. | | | | mainly due to internal disputes and violent clashes with |
| Reflecting the despair of African Americans in the | | | | police. In such turbulent conditions, Huey P. Newton |
| changing urban culture of the United States and the | | | | became disillusioned and heavily addicted to drugs, lost |
| civil rights movement led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., | | | | his self-confidence and refused to rule the Party |
| Black Panther Party was a progressive political | | | | further. At the same time, Bobby Seale resigned from |
| organization that rose in the front line of the powerful | | | | the Party leaving his place to Elaine Brown in order to |
| movements for social change in America since the | | | | continue the Panther community programs. |
| Revolution of 1776 and the Civil War. Being the sole | | | | In the early 1980s, Black Panther Party falls apart |
| black organization in the history of black resistance | | | | completely due to external attacks and internal |
| against poverty, criminality, police brutality, | | | | degradation and divisions. Without appropriate |
| unemployment, slavery and oppression in the United | | | | leadership and being constantly terrorized by the police, |
| States, Black Panther Party represented the massive | | | | the members of the party abandoned their idealism |
| struggle of black people for equality, justice and | | | | and philosophy and ran to save their lives. Those |
| freedom. | | | | members that remained in the Party were brutally |
| Black Panther Party was one of the first organizations | | | | hunted down and killed in the following years, |
| in U.S. history to militantly oppose to Black Community | | | | imprisoned on tricked charges or forced to take off |
| being an ethnic minority. Fighting for the liberation of the | | | | from the United States. |
| working class, the Black Panther Party focused on the | | | | Despite the collapse, Black Panther Party was |
| ground-breaking institution of, social, political and | | | | considered by the FBI as the greatest threat to the |
| economic equality across gender and colour lines. | | | | internal security of the United States. This maybe |
| The philosophy of Black Panthers Party was | | | | explains the fact that, there has been an effort to |
| extremely radical. Combining militant nationalism with | | | | continue the Party’s philosophy by the early 1990s |
| Marxism and advocating the empowerment and | | | | with a new generation of militant activists. Regardless |
| self-defence of the Black community, often through | | | | of the Black Panther Party downfall, it is still considered |
| confrontation, Black Panther Party had recruited 5,000 | | | | as one of the most challenging and controversial parts |
| members by 1969 in 20 states around the U.S. The | | | | of the American history. |
| Party introduced a ten-points program asking for (1) | | | | |