Church Pews: a Historical Perspective

Churches have seen a lot of radical changes over theof the churches, there were pews in the name of a
last couple of centuries. Some of the changes havehouse. As a result, there was great pressure in the
revolved around ideologies while some were reflectedchurch as no one else could sit on the pews except
in the different styles of church pews that havethe ones who have rented it. Churches resorted to
evolved over the years.making free seating arrangements along the galleries
Some of the early Christian designers and architectsto cope up with the problem but this was insufficient
had developed a centralized plan that was basedespecially in the light of increasing population.
purely on a circular shape, or the polygon or square.Since 1930, there have been major changes in the
The most important aspect of the centralized planseating arrangements in churches across the world
was the centre of the entire structure that wasand also in the US where an increasing democratic
dominated by a dome at the top. This plan workedideology was removing the demarcation that
well because the congregation attending churchesseparated the white from the black people. In the post
were standing and not seated. Hence pews were notCivil War era, most of the churches added new fittings
used in the medieval times.and furniture that included box pews and pulpits.
The pews were a dominant feature in variousThe post war era also saw reformation that affected
churches in the period between 1600 and 1800. Duringthe design of the church. The pulpit became a
this time, social rank was considered as a majorprominent feature, and was placed behind the
influence in the seating arrangements and those withCommunion Table. The communion table replaced the
higher social status were able to sit in the church pewsaltar. If we look over the different periods when the
closest to the pulpit. All churches had a separatechurch architecture and pews went through changes,
section of pews that were meant for seating generalwe will find that the changes were driven by
public while others were set aside for special groups.theological considerations. Today, theological
The different types of seating arrangements in aconsiderations have no place within the modern
church included pews for the poor, adolescents, deafarchitecture of churches all over the world.
hard of hearing, widows and black people. ChurchSome of the churches have even experimented with
pews for black people were known as Negro Pews.the rearrangement of the church pews and there was
Some of the churches had numbered Negro pewsa time when parishioners sat across each other in a
and even labeled them as "Negro."face to face seating arrangement. The church pews
Another seating arrangement in churches in thewere introduced in the Middle Age and the seating
bygone era included slave owners paying to purchasearrangements were meant only for those who
pew space for their servants or slaves. In the periodneeded to sit like the elderly or infirms. As time passed,
between 1840 and 1930, the church shifted fromBishops got their chairs and this was followed by
having private seating arrangements to free pews andchurch pews for the ministers and the congregation. In
open seating arrangements. This led to the coining ofthe modern world, all churches have pews to
the term: "free church".accommodate most of people attending mass.
The early years of the 19th century brought in severalThe pew seating arrangement was seen as a
reforms and led to the collapse of the old parishNorthern European invention and there was a time
system. The old parish system was set during the 12thwhen the wealthy people bought their pews. In some
century and meanwhile the surrounding landscape inof the churches, there were pews based on the
England was changing at an enormously rapid rate.gender. But those were the medieval ages and things
Cities were growing up fast like Liverpool, Birmingham,have changed radically in the 20th century. Today
Manchester and London. In spite of that there was nothere is no difference between white or black, no
guarantee that you may find pews even in thegender separation or wealthy and poor: anyone and
neighborhood church. Seating accommodation was stilleveryone can sit on the church pews and reach out to
haphazard and disorganized. Most of the churchesGod.
rented out their pews to individual families and in some